Bevelling
This is appearance of bumps and holes on the paint caused either by heat or humidity and the trapped solvent before vaporising within the dried up paint or by application of high dose solvent paint to a surface with older paint, causing reaction between old paint and high dosed solvent to deform the paint and causing bevels. This can be solved by scratching the whole old paint from the bevelling surfaceand applying new paint.

Colour Fading
The colour of the paint subject to direct light or direct heat loses its colour specifications. This is caused by the direct effect of sunlight on the paint. More UV resistant colours should be used. 

Orange Skin Look
It is caused by lack of good spreading of the paint and gives a slight bumpy look, caused by too much thinning of the paint or applying a new layer of paint before the prior layer totally dries up. Paint should be scratched by emery process and the dry up between layers should be awaited

Blistered Peeling
This is the peeling off of the paint in layers from the surface, can be caused by extreme humidity, paint application to an unprepared surface or low temperature. The peeled parts of the paint should totally be scratched off and the surface should be cleaned and purified of humidity, emery use would be helpful.

Dusting
This is caused by the surface coatings leave white soluble particles on cement, bricks and stones caused by humidity or leaking alkalines of the adjacent cement or salts. It is necessary to get rid of the humidity and the white salt particles should be cleaned, emery is recommended. Surface should be cleaned before application.

Bottom Settlement of the Paint
This is the settlement of the paint on the bottom of its package, caused by the immobility of the paint for a long period of time or the low level of viscosity of the paint. In the case that the paint gets homogeneous within two minutes of stirring, this is normal and the paint can be used. If the hard part at the bottom cannot be dissolved, the paint has become useless due to settlement.

Phase Decomposition
This is the oil layer to get on top of the paint for water based paint and the alkaid layer for the solvent based paint, caused by the immobility of the paint package for a long period of time. In the case that the paint gets homogeneous within two minutes of stirring, this is normal and the paint can be used.

Wrinkles
The orange peel alike looks of the paint on the surface is caused by the paint application to be made on a greasy, dirty surface, the application of the last layer of paint to an undried surface, rain or humidity, very hot surface where the paint is to be applied. The surface should be subject to emery process, undercoat should be applied and the dry up should be awaited. Extra time is required if it is necessary to do the application in hot or cool weather.

Pigment Floating
The decomposition of one more pigments from the others and acumulation on a layer of film, can be caused by a wrong thinner or thinning of the paint more than necessary. This can be solved by emery process on the surface and use of appropriate thinner for the paint as required on its package.

Paint Cover Problems
The solidity of the paint is not satisfactory, can be caused by insufficient stirring of the paint, thinning more than necessary, lack of undercoat or paste on the surface when necessary before the application of last layer, not enough layers of paint. Emery process on the surface, paint thinning as required on the package, at least two layers of paint application and 4 hours between two layr applications would solve the problem.

Leaks and Danglings
This can be defined as the wavy appearance on the paint layer, can be caused by wrong amount of solvent, reasoning the viscosity proportion to be too high or too low and too much paint applied to vertical or inclined surfaces. The brush strokes might help if the paint is wet, if not, emery should be applied before the last layer application.

Drying Problems
If  the paint is applied to an unclean, greasy or dirty surface or not stirred well before application or the applied environment is not subject to an air circulation, the paint might not dry up soon enough. During the dry up process, if diminishing on the shiny look of the paint or dusting occurs, emery can be used in the cases that the paint is dried up, if not then it would be cleaned by thinner.

Brush Marks
This is the marks of the brush on the applied paint, caused by wrong distribution of paint on the surface and too much pressure on the brush, less quality brush use, old paint remains or viscosity application mistakes of the used paint. Emery process, cleaning of the dusts and then application of th elast layer would solve the problem.

Emery Marks
The emery marks are visible on the surface of the paint, caused by the failure of using the correct emery for the surface, application of emery before the dry up of paste or undercoat, the thin application of the last layer of paint. This can be prevented by using the appropriate emery, waiting for the dry up of the paint, last layer to be applied thick enough

Adherence
This is the problem of the paint not to adher to the applied surface, caused by the lack of cleaning the surface before the paint application, lack of emery process on the surface with old paint or application of a new layer before the prior layer dries up. This can be solved by, cleaning the surface, emery process where needed and the paint application should be started when the surface is prepared for paint.

Eavesbottom Cracks of the Paint
The cracks of the paint under the eaves of buildings are caused by, application of last layer of paint to surfaces not prepared for painting or on old paint, lack of cleaning of the surface from the salt layer appeared in time. A brief emery process before the paint application and rinsed completely with water and the paint should be applied after the overall drying up.

Vanishing of the Paint
This situation is, the vanishing of the paint in dotty appearances or in patches, caused by the lack of cleaning of the surface from the oil layer on the applied surface. This can be solved by an emery process with the help of warm detergent water and rinse after emery and an overall dry up should be awaited.

Peeling off of the paint on Galvanised Metal Surfaces
This is caused by either wrong application of undercoat or lack of this application, unclean surfaces and not waiting for the overall dry up before the paint application. This can be prevented by emery application to the surface. If no undercoat is applied, this should be done with the appropriate undercoat and the last layer of paint should be applied after the preparation of the surface.

Mould on Paint
This can be caused by extreme humidity or continuous contact of the surface with water, high temperature of the environment. It can also be caused by light colour paint, providing the surface to be cool and humid. Humidity causes the mould.

The moulded parts should be cleaned with bleach added water with the help of a brush.Then the surface should be rinsed and left to dry up.

White Crystals on Paint Surface
This can be seen as ice particles on the paint layer surface, usually seen on dark colour paint, caused by extreme humidity or paint appliccation on cool air.

The necessary temperature conditions should be met for paint application. The crystals may be cleaned with warm water and removed. If this is not sufficient, emery application should be made after the surface dries up.

Paint Colour Change
This is the colour change of paint to another colour, caused by extreme humidity or leak of water to the surface, direct sunlight, insufficient organic pigment use.

The humidity source or the source of water leak should be found and maintained. Pigments should be chosen to be UV resistant.

Bubbles on the Surface
This can be caused by poor adherence of the paint to the surface, application of paint in very hot temperature or alchide paint application to a humid surface. This can be prevented by not to apply paint in very hot temperature, surface should be removed from humid places. Surface should be prepared carefully for paint application.

It is impossible to get the best of the paint or varnish regardless to how well quality they are, unless, the surface preparation is made carefully, the choice of tools and the cleaning of them are made also carefully. In order to minimise the problems, the same brand should be used. Below are some most common problems and their possible solutions.

Orange Peels
The appearance of the surface with paint or varnish applied looks like orange peels.

This can be caused by low quality or inappropriate thinner use, very low or very high application pressure, high application viscosity, an extreme temperature difference between the surface and the paint, insufficient surface cleaning. This can be solved by a thin ( 360 – 400 – 600 ) emery application after the paint or varnish totally dries up. The application should be repeated considering these conditions.

Dry Sprays
The paint or varnish falls off dry, caused by inapprpriate thinner use, the distance of the paint gun to be far or applied quickly, high viscosity ratio of the paint or varnish, high application pressure. This can be solved by a thin ( 360 – 400 – 600 ) emery application after the paint or varnish totally dries up. The application should be repeated considering these conditions.

Dangling or Leaking
The flow of paint or varnish downwards on vertical surfaces and lack of the regular formation of paint on the surface, caused by inappropriate thinner use, too high or too low application viscosity, wrong angling of the paint gun, distance of the paint gun to surface causing paint  cumulation. This can be solved by a thin ( 360 – 400 – 600 ) emery application after the paint or varnish totally dries up. The application should be repeated considering these conditions.

Wrinkles
The appearance of paint or thinner layer in wrinkles and unsmooth, caused by inapproprite thinner use, inappropriate undercoating or fill up varnish use, inconsistent use of two component type paint, insufficient waiting period between two layers of application, high application viscosity. This can be prevented by quality undercoating and varnish use as well as appropriate use of these. If the defected surface is small, emery application can be used before the last layer. Otherwise, the paint should be scratched off completely before the final layer is applied.

Easy Scratching
This can be caused by using inappropriate ratios if two component products are used or insufficient waiting time for complete hardening. The ratios of paint – hardener should be within the limits that the producer sets. Before the complete dry up, the product should not be subject to direct hits.

Delay of Emery Process Time
The delay of undercoating or varnish dry up in the recommended time can be caused by inconsistent use of two component type paint, humid wooden surfaces or high viscosity ratios.

It should be known that the dry up process takes long for polyurethan and acryllic systems because of chemical hardening need. This takes up to  6- 8 hours in hot weather and 24 – 72 hours in cold weather. Thus, the system application should be known and applied well and emery process should not be done before the required time. The ratios set by the manufacturer should be used. If the temperature can be risen, the dry up should be faster.

Difficult Emery Use
Use of emery is tiring, hard and low dust, the emery becomes useless.

This can be caused by usage of different brand hardeners, applying the ratios different than the manufacturers require, the use of emery too early or too late than the time recommended. It can be prevented by applying the required ratios and using same brand paint – varnish and hardeners.

Insufficient Shiny Look
This is the problem of obtaining the polish look for the paint or varnish on the last layer, can be caused by inappropriate thinner use, low level and / or quality base filling, mismatching of base filling and last layer paint – varnish, insufficient thickness of final layer applied.
The base filling should be prepared as required and usage of a quality thinner for the last layer for enough thickness would solve the problem.

Lack of Standard Opacity
The paint or varnish is more opaque than required or more shiny, can be caused by inappropriate thinner use, insufficient stirring of paint or varnish, insufficient filling material use. This can be solved by a thin ( 360 – 400 – 600 ) emery application after the paint or varnish totally dries up. The application should be repeated considering these conditions.